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Table 1
Some of the infectious diseases and QDs used to distinguish them
Authors	Type of infectious diseases	*In vitro* / *in vivo*	Type of modified QDs
Tripp et al. [89]	RSV	In vitro/in vivo	Antibody anti-F protein conjugated to QDs(CdTe)
Agrawal et al. [90]	Individual molecules of genes, proteins, and virus particles	In vivo	QD-antibody color-coded NP probes and two-color co-localization imaging
Bentzen et al. [91]	RSV	In vivo	Streptavidin-coated QDs conjugated to antibody anti-F and antibody anti-G
Dwarakanath et al. [92]	S. typhimurium	In vivo	Antibody-QD and DNA aptamer-QD
	E. coli
	B. subtilis spores
Goldman et al. [93]	Choleratoxin, ricin, shinga-like toxin1 and staphylococcal enterotoxin B	In vitro	Antibody-QD (CdSe/Zns)
Zhao et al. [94]	Food-borne pathogenic E. coli O157:H7, S. typhimurium and S. flexneri		QDanti-S. flexneri antibody,anti-E. coli antibody, anti-S. typhimurium antibody
Hahn et al. [95]	Single cells of E.coli O157:H7		Streptavidin-coated QDs conjugated to antibody
Mukhopadhyay et al. [96]	Detect E. coli at levels as low as 10⁴ bacteria/ml of sample		Mannose-conjugated QDs
Edgar et al. [97]	Mycobacterium	In vivo	Streptavidin-coated QDs conjugated to phage
	B. anthracis
Zhu et al. [98]	C. parvum		QD-conjugated antibodies
	G. lamblia
Klostranec et al. [99]	Biomarkers of the most globally prevalent blood-borne infectious diseases (i.e., hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV) with low sample volume		QD-antibody
Gazouli et al. [100]	Mycobacterium genus	In vivo	Specific DNA sequences combining QDs with magnetic beads [101,102]
Hahn et al. [95]	Individual pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 in phosphate buffer saline solution		Streptavidin-coated Qdots labeled by antibody selectively targeted pathogenic E. coli O157:H7
Su and Li [51]	E. coli O157	In vivo	Streptavidin-coated QDs conjugated to anti-E. coli O157 antibody
Yang and Li [52]	E. coli O157∶H7	In vivo	QDs with different sizes conjugated to anti-E. coli O157 and anti-Salmonella antibodies
	S. typhimurium
			The bead-cell complexes reacted with QD-antibody conjugates to form bead-cell-QD complexes

Other clinical therapeutic applications.

Valizadeh et al. Nanoscale Research Letters 2012 7:480 doi:10.1186/1556-276X-7-480

Table 1