Table 2 |
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|
Parameters of the stable nanofluids |
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|
Sample |
Powder |
Base solution |
pH |
ΞΎ (mV) |
Conc. TiO2 (wt.%) |
Conc. TiO2 (vol.%) |
|
|
||||||
|
A1+ |
A1 |
10-2 M HCl |
2.4 |
69.4 |
1.2 |
0.31 |
|
A1-a |
A1 |
10-3 M NaOH |
12.4 |
-42.7 |
0.8b |
0.2a |
|
A2+ |
A2 |
10-2 M HCl |
2.4 |
81.2 |
2.4 |
0.65 |
|
A2-a |
A2 |
10-3 M NaOH |
12.4 |
-44.3 |
1.2* |
0.3* |
|
A3+ |
A3 |
10-2 M HCl |
2.4 |
87 |
1.4 |
0.36 |
|
A3-a |
A3 |
10-3 M NaOH |
12.3 |
-44.5 |
0.8* |
0.2* |
|
R1+a |
R1 |
10-2 M HCl |
2.4 |
- |
0.2* |
0.05* |
|
R1- |
R1 |
10-2 M NaOH |
12.4 |
-65.2 |
0.2 |
0.05 |
|
R2+a |
R2 |
10-2 M HCl |
2.4 |
34.9 |
0.2a |
0.05a |
|
R2- |
R2 |
10-2 M NaOH |
12.4 |
-61.6 |
0.3 |
0.07 |
|
|
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|
Volumetric concentrations were calculated using the densities from Table 1. aUnstable samples with rough estimates of particle concentration. |
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|
Penkavova et al. Nanoscale Research Letters 2011 6:273 doi:10.1186/1556-276X-6-273 |
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