Open Access Nano Express

Photochemically reduced polyoxometalate assisted generation of silver and gold nanoparticles in composite films: a single step route

Sangaraju Shanmugam, Balasubramanian Viswanathan* and Thirukkallam K Varadarajan

Author Affiliations

Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India

For all author emails, please log on.

Nanoscale Research Letters 2007, 2:175-183 doi:10.1007/s11671-007-9050-z


The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at:


Received:6 January 2007
Accepted:15 February 2007
Published:13 March 2007

© 2007 to the authors

Abstract

A simple method to embed noble metal (Ag, Au) nanoparticles in organic–inorganic nanocomposite films by single step method is described. This is accomplished by the assistance of Keggin ions present in the composite film. The photochemically reduced composite film has served both as a reducing agent and host for the metal nanoparticles in a single process. The embedded metal nanoparticles in composites film have been characterized by UV–Visible, TEM, EDAX, XPS techniques. Particles of less than 20 nm were readily embedded using the described approach, and monodisperse nanoparticles were obtained under optimized conditions. The fluorescence experiments showed that embedded Ag and Au nanoparticles are responsible for fluorescence emissions. The described method is facile and simple, and provides a simple potential route to fabricate self-standing noble metal embedded composite films.

Keywords:
Polyoxometalates; Organic–inorganic nanocomposite; Silver; Gold; Fluorescence

Nano Express

[1-37]

References

  3. Thomas JM:

    Pure Appl. Chem. 1988, 60:1517.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaL1cXmtlOmu7w%3D]

    OpenURL

  4. Perenboom JAAJ, Wyder P, Meier P:

    Phys. Rep. 1981, 78:173.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaL38XmtFaktA%3D%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  5. Klabunde KJ: Nanoscale Materials in Chemistry. Wiley Interscience, New York; 2001. OpenURL

  8. Tu WX, Lin HF:

    Chem. Mater.. 2000, 12:564.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjsVOi]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  9. Mizukoshi Y, Oshima R, Maeda Y, Nagata Y:

    Langmuir. 1999, 15:2733.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhvVeisbg%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  10. Henglein A, Giersig M:

    J. Phys. Chem. B. 1999, 103:9533.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXmsVKntr4%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  11. Stellacci F, Bauer CA, Meyer-Friedrichen T, Wenseleers W, Alain V, Kuebler SM, Pond SJ, Zhang Y, Marder SR, Perry JW:

    Adv. Mater. 2002, 14:194.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xht1Ojurw%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  12. Smith GB, Deller CA, Swift PD, Gentle A, Garrett PD, Fisher WK, Smith GB, Deller CA, Swift PD, Gentle A, Garrett PD, Fisher WK:

    J. Nanopart. Res. 2002, 4:157.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XmvVOrtb0%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  13. Park I-W, Yoon M, Kim YM, Kim Y, Yoon H, Song HJ, Volkov V, Avilov A, Park YJ:

    Solid State Commun. 2003, 126:385.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXivVOgtbk%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  15. Rudoy VM, Ershov BG, Sukhov NL, Dement’eva OV, Zaitseva AV, Seliverstov AF, Kartseva ME, Ogarev VA:

    Colloid J. 2002, 64:755.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XptlOjsL8%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  19. Pope MT: Heteropoly and Isopoly Oxometalates. Springer, Berlin; 1983. OpenURL

  20. Pope MT, Muller A:

    Angew. Chem. 1991, 30:34. Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  21. Sadakane M, Steckhan E:

    Chem. Rev. 1998, 98 :219.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXotVSgsQ%3D%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  22. Troupis A, Hiskia A, Papaconstantinou E:

    Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41:1911.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XkslWmtbY%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  23. Mandal S, Selvakannan PR, Pasricha R, Sastry M:

    J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125:8440.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXkslensL0%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  24. Shanmugam S, Viswanathan B, Varadarajan TK:

    J. Mol. Catal. A. 2005, 241:52.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVymtrbJ]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  25. Vagara MG, Papaconstantinou E, Pope MT:

    Inorg. Chem. 1970, 9:662. Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  26. Shanmugam S, Viswanathan B, Varadarajan TK:

    J. Member. Sci. 2006, 275:105.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xitlaqsrw%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  27. Dirix Y, Bastiaansen C, Caseri W, Smith P:

    Adv. Mater. 1999, 11:223.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhvFKqtb4%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  28. Hussian I, Brust M, Papworth AJ, Cooper AI:

    Langmuir. 2003, 19:4831. Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  29. Kreibig U, Vollmer M: Optical Properties of Metal Clusters. Springer, Berlin; 1995. OpenURL

  30. Shin HS, Choi HC, Jung Y, Kim SB, Song HJ, Shin HJ:

    Chem. Phys. Lett. 2004, 383:418.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpvF2gtLw%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  32. Henglein A, Linnert T, Mulvaney P:

    Ber.der Bunsen-Gesellschaft. 1990, 94:1449.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXhtFWks70%3D]

    OpenURL

  33. Zheng J, Dickson RM:

    J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124:13982.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XotlCqu7c%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  34. Gao J, Fu J, Lin C, Lin J, Han Y, Yu X, Pan C:

    Langmuir. 2004, 20:9775.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnvFGns78%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  35. Geddes CD, Parfenov A, Gryczynski I, Lakowicz JR:

    Chem. Phys. Lett. 2003, 380:269.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXotVygurc%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  36. Arnold GW, Borders JA:

    J. Appl. Phys. 1977, 48:1488.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DyaE2sXhvFyjtb0%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL

  37. Lee L, Wang JX, Adzic RR, Robinsion IK, Gewirth AA:

    J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123:8838.

    COI number [1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlslyksbk%3D]

    Publisher Full Text OpenURL